Fernandez & Kulik (1981): study US 1973
Publication
- Author(s):
- Fernandez, R.M.; Kulik, J.C.
- Title:
- A Multilevel Model of Life Satisfaction: Effects of Individual Characteristics and Neighborhood Composition.
- Source:
- American Sociological Review, 1981, Vol. 46, 840 - 850
Investigation
- Public
- 18+ aged, general public, USA, 1973-1974
- Sample
- Respondents
- N = 5916
- Non Response
- ?
- Assessment
- Interview: face-to-face
Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings
- Full text:
-
Self report on single question:
'How satisfied would you say you are with your life as a whole ....?'
4 completely satisfied
3 very satisfied
2 moderately satisfied
1 slightly satisfied
0 not satisfied at all - Classification:
- O-SLW-u-sq-v-5-c
- Author's label:
- Life-satisfaction
- Remarks:
- Range 0-4: M = 2.8 SD = .89 Transformed to range 0-10: Ms' = 7.1
When disattenuated for day to day noise (unreliability): M = 2.8, SD = 0.84 - Error estimates:
- Reliability: Retest reliablity over 8 month: r =+.43 This retest-coefficient is used for computing 'disattenuated' correlations (estimates of the true correlation if inaccuracy in report of happiness did not depress observed correlation) Validity: External congruent validity apparent in high multiple correlation with set of following variables: 1) satisfaction with: housing, neighborhood, finance, work and marriage 2) Bradburn's Affect Balance Scale (AFF 2.3) 3) direct question on happiness (HAP 1.1) R =.54
- Observed distribution
- Summary Statistics
- On original range 0 - 4 On range 0-10
- Mean:
- 2.80 7.10
- SD:
- 0.89 -